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Occult theories about Francis Bacon
A number of writers, some of whom were connected with Theosophy, have claimed that Francis Bacon (22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626), the English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist and author, was a member of secret societies; a smaller number claim that he would have attained the Ascension and became the Ascended Master Saint Germain.
==Secret societies==
Francis Bacon often gathered with the men at Gray's Inn to discuss politics and philosophy, and to try out various theatrical scenes that he admitted writing.〔Frances Yates, ''Theatre of the World'', London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1969〕 Bacon's alleged connection to the Rosicrucians and the Freemasons has been widely discussed by authors and scholars in many books.〔Bryan Bevan, ''The Real Francis Bacon'', England: Centaur Press, 1960〕 However others, including Daphne du Maurier (in her biography of Bacon), have argued there is no substantive evidence to support claims of involvement with the Rosicrucians.〔Daphne du Maurier, ''The Winding Stair, Biography of Bacon'' 1976.〕 Historian Dame Frances Yates〔Frances Yates, ''The Occult Philosophy in the Elizabethan Age'', pages 61 - 68, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1979〕 does not make the claim that Bacon was a Rosicrucian, but presents evidence that he was nevertheless involved in some of the more closed intellectual movements of his day. She argues that Bacon's movement for the advancement of learning was closely connected with the German Rosicrucian movement, while Bacon's ''The New Atlantis'' portrays a land ruled by Rosicrucians. He apparently saw his own movement for the advancement of learning to be in conformity with Rosicrucian ideals.〔Frances Yates, ''The Rosicrucian Enlightenment'', London and Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1972〕
In 1618 Francis Bacon decided to secure a lease for York House. This had been his boyhood home in London next to the Queen's York Place before the Bacon family had moved to Gorhambury in the countryside. After Lord Egerton (Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England) died, it became available for Bacon to lease. During the next four years this mansion on the Strand (so large that it had 40 fireplaces) served as the home for Francis and Alice Bacon. Over the next four years Bacon would host banquets at York House that were attended by the leading men of the time, including poets, scholars, authors, scientists, lawyers, diplomats, and foreign dignitaries. Within the banquet hall, Francis gathered the greatest leaders in literature, art, law, education, and social reform. On 22 January 1621 in honour of Sir Francis Bacon's sixtieth birthday, a select group of men assembled in the large banquet hall in York House without fanfare for what has been described as a Masonic banquet.〔Helene H. Armstrong, ''Francis Bacon - The Spear Shaker'', San Francisco, California: Golden Gate Press, 1985 ISBN 0-9616288-0-4〕 This banquet was to pay tribute to Sir Francis Bacon. Only those of the Rosicrosse (Rosicrucians) and the Masons who were already aware of Bacon's leadership role were invited.〔Alfred Dodd, ''Francis Bacon's Personal Life Story', Volume 2 - The Age of James'', England: Rider & Co., 1949, 1986. pages 157 - 158, 425, 502 - 503, 518 - 532〕 The tables were T-tables with gleaming white drapery, silver, and decorations of flowers. The poet Ben Jonson, a long-time friend of Bacon, gave a Masonic ode to Bacon that day.
There was a depth of love by a large body of men toward Bacon, similar to some degree in the manner that disciples love a Master.〔Helen Veale, ''Son of England'', India: Indo Polish Library, 1950〕 This is especially true when taking into account his membership (and some say leadership) of secret societies such as the Rosicrucians and Freemasons.〔 In the inner esoteric membership, which included Francis Bacon, vows of celibacy for spiritual reasons were encouraged.〔Peter Dawkins, ''Dedication to the Light'', England: Francis Bacon Research Trust, 1984〕〔Frances Yates, ''Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition'', London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1964〕
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